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To investigate the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, and to provide new ideas for non-antibiotic therapy for acne vulgaris. Methods: Normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK) was exposed to Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) [multiplicity of infection (MOI)=10, 20, 30] for 12, 24, or 36 hours. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA of IL-1β in NHEK. Three groups were set up as follows: A negative control group (no NHEK pretreatment), a positive control group (P. acnes was used to stimulate NHEK), and a siRNA group (pretreated NHEK with siRNA). ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blotting were used to detect the protein, mRNA of IL-1β and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) in NHEK. Results: IL-1β of NHEK in the positive control group was significantly increased in a time and dose-dependent manner compared with the negative control group (P<0.05). After pretreating NHEK with siRNA, IL-1β level was decreased compared with the positive control group, but it was higher than that in the negative control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: P. ances can stimulate NHEK to secrete IL-1β, and the process is possibly involved in NLRP3. The inflammatory response induced by P. ances could be inhibited by suppressing the activity of NLRP3.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acne Vulgaris , Inflammasomes , Interleukin-1beta , Keratinocytes , NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein , Propionibacterium acnesABSTRACT
Objective To indentify the cognitive status of Chinese patients to acne and the influencing factors to theirs' cognitive status,so as to provide solid evidences for the prevention and treatment of acne.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was made to conduct this survey of 16,156 acne patients,who seeked to the treatment in the dermatological departments from 112 hospitals in China.The survey consisted of several parts,including the general status of patients,the patients' cognition of occurrence,development and risk factors of acne,whether the first choice was seeking treatment at the hospital when the patients had acne and the condition of selection of skin care products.The factors were analyzed,which could impact the cognition of the patients' behavior of treatment,how did the patients' cognition to influence their medical behavior and skin care as well as the consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients themselves.Results The acne patients studied had the best knowledge of "acne is a skin disease","it not only occurs in the period of adolescence" and "the disease can be prevented and cured",which accordingly accounted for 80.65％,69.16％ and 65.49％ of the total patients respectively.However,the awareness of acne patients to heredity,high sugar and dairy products as risk factors for acne was insufficient,which accounted for 48.72％,42.40％ and 18.25％ of the total patients,respectively.Gender,age,educational level,occupation and health knowledge were the main factors affecting the cognitive level of patients;the survey also found that men,patient with educational level of junior high or even lower educational condition,occupation of labor workers or farmers and patients were lack of health education with poor knowledge of the genetics and dietary were risk factors for acne;patients with age over 36 years or with mild illness had poor knowledge of dietary risk factors for acne;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The analysis of the influence of cognitive status on medical treatment behavior and skin care showed that the better the cognition,the higher the probability of patients would choose medical treatment as the first choice as well as choosing functional skin care products;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients was poor (Kappa value ＜0.4),and the assessment of severity of acne by patients was more serious than doctors' assessment.Conclusions Patient's cognitive status will affect their medical behavior and skin care,and there is also a phenomenon that patients have a more serious assessment of their acne condition.It is suggested that health education for acne patients should be strengthened in clinical medicine so as to improve their knowledge of acne as well as preventing from acne effectively.
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Objective To observe the effects of traditional Chinese medicine aqueous extract on acne vulgaris models of rabbit's ear.We observed the medical effects of traditional Chinese medicine aqueous on rabbit's ear acne vulgaris models.Methods 7 twelve-week's old male rabbits were selected to establish acne vulgaris models by Kligman method.Coal tar was daubed at the opening of rabbits' ears tubes about 2 cm × 2 cm areas by the frequency of once a day for two weeks.Then 50 μl bacterial suspension of the propionibacterium acnes was subcutaneously injected into each ear of rabbit at the seventh day which concentration of propionibacterium acnes was 1.0)× 108 CFU/ml.14 ears of rabbits were divided into 7 groups randomly after the molds were finished,two ears per group.6 group ears of rabbits were daubed with TCM aqueous extract respectively,while the last group was daubed with physiological saline on one ear and fusidic acid cream on the other one,once a day.At last,the treatment effects and adverse reactions were observed respectively on the 7th day,15th day and 21st day.Results The sWollen rabbits' ears were reclined and even disappeared in groups with six kinds of TCM aqueous extract after 7 days;the local hair follicles corneous plugs became flattened,pimples and comedos reduced in groups with aqueous extract of Cortex phellodendri,Scutellaria baicalensis and Rhubarb.Conclusions Aqueous extracts of Cortex phellodendri,Scutellaria baicalensis,Rhubarb,Sophora flavescens,Honeysuckle and Forsythia have therapeutical effects on rabbifs ear acne vulgaris models.
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Objective To observe the effects of 19 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) aqueous extracts in vitro on the standard and clinical strains of propionibacterium acnes.Methods We collected lesion contents of acne vulgaris patients and conducted anaerobic cultivation of propionibacterium acnes at 35 ℃ for forty-eight hours.After tested by oxygen resistance experiment,Gram staining microscopy,catalytic test,nitrate test and sugar fermentation experiment,ANI anaerobic identification card,and VITEK fully-automatic microbe instrument,the strains were identified as propionibacterium acnes.We used AGAR dilution method to test the MIC values of various TCM aqueous extracts.Results The MIC values of Cortex phellodendri,Scutellaria baicalensis,and Rhiubarb were 25 mg/ml,respectively;the MIC values of Sophora flavescens and Honeysuckle were 50 mg/ml;the MIC values of Forsythia was 100 mg/ml.13 kinds of TCM aqueous extract did not produce bacteriostasis at the highest concentration of 200 mg/ml including Belvedere fruit,Chinese bulbul,Hedyotis diffusa,Houttuynia cordata,Purslane,Yerbadetajo herb,Radix isatidis,Lithospermum erythrorhizon,Folium isatidis,Taraxacum,Semen plantaginis,Angelica dahurica,and Fructus cnidii.Conclusions Aqueous extracts of Cortex phellodendri,Scutellaria baicalensis,Rhubarb,Sophora flavescens,Honeysuckle and Forsythia have good inhibitory effects in vitro on Propionibacterium acnes.